Top Three National Treasures

Mingi Woo

Today, I want to direct this article towards Korean history and our culture. Specifically, I would like to introduce you to our top three national treasures. I am not certain how other countries rate their ancient artifacts, or if they even do so, but here in Korea, we rank our heritage. We give the title “National Treasures” to the major heritages and “Treasures” to the others. Currently, there are 347 cultural heritage sites classified as “National Treasures.” All three of the treasures mentioned in this list are located here in Seoul, making it easy for you to see them for yourself.

1. Namdaemun(Sungnyemun): 남대문(숭례문)
2. Namdaemun, also called Sungnyemun, is one of the four gates in Seoul. These gates were the entrances to the fortress that was built to protect the capital of Joseon, present-day Seoul. The name Namdaemun, meaning “South Gate,” is most used since the gate literally resides in the southern part of the walled capital. The structure was built in 1396 and is one of the oldest wooden structures in Korea. However, in 2002, Namdaemun was subjected to an arson attack that caused the entire wooden structure to burn down, leaving only the stone base. The restoration process took five years and two months to finish and be opened to the public.
3. Ten-Story Stone Pagoda or Wongaksa Pagoda: 서울 원각사지 십층석탑
4. This ten-story tower was created in 1465 and was originally located in the Wongaksa Temple, which is now Tapgol Park near Jongno 3-ga station. The temple, during the Joseon Dynasty, was still a key element of the state even after Korea had adopted Confucianism and surpassed Buddhism. Now, this tall marble structure is the only remaining structure of its kind from the Joseon Dynasty.
5. Bukhansan Monument: 서울 북한산 신라 진흥왕 순수비
6. The Bukhansan Monument is designated as the 3rd “National Treasure” of Korea. This was one of several markers created when King Jinheung of Silla visited the border areas of his newly expanded kingdom. Originally located at one of the peaks of Bukhansan (North Mountain of Seoul), it is now located in the National Museum of Korea for safekeeping. On the surface of the monument, there are 32 Chinese characters that describe the background of King Jinheung’s visit. The creation date of the stone is uncertain, but it is speculated to be around 561 to 568.

There are so many other historically significant “National Treasures” that I would like to introduce, however, I choose the top three since they all reside here in Seoul. Since the three treasures are in the heart of Seoul, I hope you spare some time to visit the locations.